Cognitive and behaviour therapy, also known as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), is a psychosocial method used to treat patients suffering from anxiety, mood disorders, depression, schizophrenia, psychosis, and at times, other forms of mental and physical illness. CBT is mainly based on talking the patients about their life problems in a way that helps them change their ways of thinking and relative acting. Every session of CBT lasts roughly from 30 to 60 minutes. CBT follows a structured pattern for retention of health:
- Psychological assessment of the patients by a physician or trained therapist.
- Reconceptualisation of the condition through conversations, and providing effective consolidation. This is the phase in which majority of the rehabilitation procedure pertaining to mental health, takes place.
- Skill acquisition come next, where the patients are trained to recognise whatever cognitive skills they possess.
- Application training involves teaching the patients how to effectively apply their behavioural skills to function well in their everyday lives.
- Generalisation and maintenance are processes that enable patients to assimilate their cognitive abilities and propagate them in their social lives.
- Post-treatment assessment follow-up is required for keeping a clear medical track of the progress made by patients after completing the therapy.
Throughout the entire procedure of CBT, the main techniques used by therapists are:
Exposure therapy
- Stress reduction procedures
- Cognitive processing therapy
- Relaxation training
- Dialectical behaviour therapy
These techniques of behavioural rehabilitation, followed through a properly structured pathway, help patients regain their cognitive and retention capacities as much as possible, so that they can revert to their normal social lives.
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